Tribal development is one of the most important yet underperforming initiatives of the Indian government. For any effort in this direction to succeed, an effective tribal educational programme is necessary. However, major gaps in the implementation of this programme, along with factors such as corruption and political interference, have contributed to severe malfunctioning and ineffectiveness of the Tribal Ashram schools, a residential school system. It is essential to understand these gaps from policy, design, funding, management, monitoring and evaluation perspectives for ensuring effective service delivery to tribal learners.Indian tribes, who often live in rural areas, have many methods of sustaining their economy. The four most common sectors in the economy of India are agriculture, pastoralism, handicraft making, and industrial and formal labor. Industrial and formal labor is expanding, which is providing more materials for handicraft making. Agricultural and pastoral practices are having to be changed as a result of consistently decreasing available land due to modernization and urbanization.

(VOL.2) Introduction • Approaches to Tribal Development • Tribal Autonomy Movements and The Issues of Development • Tribal Laws and Customs in India • Struggles for Rights to Resources, • National Policy on Tribals • Development and Social Opportunities • Tribal Welfare • Bibliography