Literary and Archaeological records are the two main categories that give evidences of Ancient Indian History. The archaeological source includes epigraphic, numismatic, and other architectural remains. he archaeological explorations and excavations have opened the great landscapes of new information. The ancient Indian literature is mostly religious in nature. The effort of history writing was shown by a large number of inscriptions, coins, and local chronicles. The principles of history are preserved in the Puranas and Epics. The Vedic literature is in a different language called as the Vedic language. Its vocabulary contains a wide range of meaning and is different in grammatical usages. It has a definite mode of pronunciation in which emphasis changes the meaning entirely. Inscriptions are the most important part of archeological sources. They can be considered as the most authentic and reliable source. These are comparatively less biased. In the series of inscriptions, the oldest inscriptions belongs to Emperor Ashoka. Monuments are one of the most important elements of archeological sources. The study of these monuments not only helps us to interpret about the technical skills, living standard, economic condition of the time but also help us to know about the architectural style of the time. Where the magnificent monuments depicts the prosperity of a ruler or the dynasty on the improvement of the empire. This art is also an important elements of history. Ajanta paintings are beautiful example of Ancient Indian History. In these paintings various natural and humanitarian scenes are painted which is extremely unique to witness. This book is authentic source to study the sources of Indian history.