TY - BOOK AU - Lee Robert Edward TI - Phycology SN - 9781108723053 U1 - 579.8 PY - 2018/// CY - New Delhi PB - Cambridge University Press KW - Phycology KW - Algology KW - Zoology N1 - Includes bibliographical references and index; Preface to the first edition page ix Part I Introduction 1 1 Basic characteristics of the algae 3 Structure of the algal cell 3 Nutrition 23 Gene sequencing and algal systematics 24 Classification 24 Algae and the fossil record 26 References 27 Part II The prokaryotic algae 31 2 Cyanobacteria 33 Morphology 33 Cell wall and gliding 33 Pili and twitching 36 Sheaths 37 Protoplasmic structure 38 Gas vacuoles 41 Pigments and photosynthesis 43 Akinetes 45 Heterocysts 46 Nitrogen fixation 49 Circadian rhythms 52 Asexual reproduction 53 Growth and metabolism 55 Symbiosis 56 Ecology of cyanobacteria 59 Cyanotoxins 65 Cyanobacteria and the quality of drinking water 66 Utilization of cyanobacteria as food 67 Cyanophages 67 Secretion of antibiotics and siderophores 68 Calcium carbonate deposition and fossil record 69 Classification 71 References 74 Part III Evolution of the chloroplast 81 3 Glaucophyta 85 References 88 4 Rhodophyta 89 Cell structure 89 Calcification 93 vii Secretory cells 95 Iridescence 96 Epiphytes and parasites 96 Defense mechanisms of the red algae 98 Commercial utilization of red algal mucilages 99 Reproductive structures 101 Spore motility 106 Classification 107 References 132 5 Chlorophyta 139 Cell structure 139 Phototaxis and eyespots 141 Asexual reproduction 143 Sexual reproduction 143 Classification 144 Prasinophyceae 150 Charophyceae 154 Classification 155 Ulvophyceae 168 Classification 168 Chlorophyceae 189 Classification 191 References 226 Part IV Evolution of one membrane of chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum 239 6 Euglenophyta 245 Nucleus and nuclear division 248 Eyespot, paraflagellar swelling, and phototaxis 250 Muciferous bodies and extracellular structures 253 Chloroplasts and storage products 255 Nutrition 255 Classification 256 References 259 7 Dinophyta 262 Cell structure 263 Resting spores or cysts or hypnospores and fossil Dinophyceae 277 Toxins 279 Dinoflagellates and oil and coal deposits 284 Bioluminescence 285 Rhythms 287 Heterotrophic dinoflagellates 291 Symbiotic dinoflagellates 295 Classification 296 References 303 viii CONTENTS 8 Apicomplexa 310 References 313 Part V Evolution of two membranes of chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum and the Chlorarachniophyta 315 9 Cryptophyta 321 Cell structure 321 Ecology 325 Symbiotic associations 326 Classification 326 References 330 10 Heterokontophyta, Chrysophyceae 333 Cell structure 333 Statospores 337 Nutrition 339 Ecology 339 Classification 341 References 346 11 Heterokontophyta, Synurophyceae 349 Classification 350 References 353 12 Heterokontophyta, Eustigmatophyceae 354 References 356 13 Heterokontophyta, Pinguiophyceae 357 References 358 14 Heterokontophyta, Dictyochophyceae 359 Classification 359 References 364 15 Heterokontophyta, Pelagophyceae 365 References 366 16 Heterokontophyta, Bolidophyceae 368 References 368 17 Heterokontophyta, Bacillariophyceae 369 Cell structure 369 Motility 378 Resting spores and resting cells 382 Auxospores 383 Rhythmic phenomena 386 Physiology 387 Chemical defense against predation 390 Ecology 391 CONTENTS ix Fossil diatoms 395 Classification 398 References 404 18 Heterokontophyta, Raphidophyceae 409 References 412 19 Heterokontophyta, Xanthophyceae 413 Cell structure 413 Asexual reproduction 415 Sexual reproduction 416 References 422 20 Heterokontophyta, Phaeothamniophyceae 424 References 425 21 Heterokontophyta, Phaeophyceae 426 Cell structure 427 Life history 431 Classification 433 References 475 22 Prymnesiophyta 484 Cell structure 484 Scales and coccoliths 490 Toxins 496 Classification 498 References 500 23 Algae and the environment 504 Toxic algae 504 Toxic algae and the end-Permian extinction 510 Cooling of the Earth, cloud condensation nuclei, and DMSP 511 Chemical defense mechanisms of algae 511 The Antarctic and Southern Ocean 513 The grand experiment 514 Antarctic lakes as a model for life on the planet Mars or Jupiter’s moon Europa 515 Ultraviolet radiation, the ozone hole and sunscreens produced by algae 517 Hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen gas production by algae 517 References 519 Glossary 521 Index 534 ER -